Japanese by Example

Learning through examples in manga

Category: Helper Auxiliary Verbs

  • Receiving a request with 〜れる

    Grammar Explanation

    ご注文はうさぎですか？ » Volume 1 » Page 93

    Rize says she does fortune telling when asked, but Chino does well at telling accurate fortunes. (When Rize receives a request by a customer.)

    リゼ：
    「頼(たの)まれたらやってるけどチノの占(うらな)いよく当(あ)たるんだ」

    頼(たの)む‘s negative stem is 頼(たの)ま. Append れる for 頼(たの)まれる.

  • Receiving involvement with 〜れる

    Grammar Explanation

    ご注文はうさぎですか？ » Volume 1 » Page 104

    If Chino defeats Chiya at chess, her prize for winning is for Cocoa to call her big sister. Cocoa, in the distance, asks why she’s being dragged into it. (Cocoa received being dragged in by Chino.)

    ココア：
    「なんで巻(ま)き込(こ)まれてるの!?」

    巻(ま)き込(こ)む‘s negative stem is 巻(ま)き込(こ)ま. Append れる for 巻(ま)き込(こ)まれる.

  • Receiving a biting with 〜れる

    Grammar Explanation

    ご注文はうさぎですか？ » Volume 1 » Page 99

    While Cocoa thinks Syaro wants her to stay away, Chiya explains that when Syaro was little, she was bitten often by the shop’s rabbit Anko. (Syaro received bites by Anko.)

    千夜(ちや)：
    「小(ちい)さい頃(ころ)あんこによくかじられて以来(いらい)ちょっと恐怖症(きょうふしょう)で…」

    齧(かじ)る‘s negative stem is 齧(かじ)ら. Append れる for 齧(かじ)られる.

  • Receiving a scolding with 〜れる

    Grammar Explanation

    ご注文はうさぎですか？ » Volume 1 » Page 103

    Cocoa recalls how she used to swim in the public bath when she was younger. Syaro figures she must have been scolded often for it. (She would have received scolding by others.)

    シャロ：
    「それでよく怒(おこ)られたわよね」

    怒(おこ)る‘s negative stem is 怒(おこ)ら. Append れる for 怒(おこ)られる.

  • Receiving a taking-away with 〜れる

    Grammar Explanation

    ご注文はうさぎですか？ » Volume 1 » Page 110

    Rize explains that it must have been a shock to Chino to have her fun taken away from her when Cocoa completed the puzzle Chino had been working on a little every day. (The fun received being taken away by Cocoa.)

    リゼ：
    「楽(たの)しみが取(と)られてショックだろうな」

    取(と)る‘s negative stem is 取(と)ら. Append れる for 取(と)られる.

  • Receiving a watching with 〜れる

    Grammar Explanation

    ご注文はうさぎですか？ » Volume 1 » Page 13

    After Chino leaves to get Cocoa’s uniform, Cocoa feels she’s being watched, even though there shouldn’t be anyone else in the room. (She is receiving watching by someone.)

    ココア：
    「誰(だれ)もいないはずなのに誰(だれ)かに見(み)られているような」

    見(み)る‘s negative stem is 見(み). Append られる for 見(み)られる.

  • Receiving praise with 〜れる

    Grammar Explanation

    ご注文はうさぎですか？ » Volume 1 » Page 35

    Cocoa responds positively to Rize’s comment how it’s unexpected that she can bake bread, whereas Chino realizes Cocoa wasn’t being praised. (Cocoa wasn’t receiving praise by Rize.)

    チノ：
    「褒(ほ)められてるわけじゃないと…」

    褒(ほ)める‘s negative stem is 褒(ほ)め. Append られる for 褒(ほ)められる.

  • Receiving a throwing with 〜れる

    Grammar Explanation

    ご注文はうさぎですか？ » Volume 1 » Page 100

    After learning the fortunes she told didn’t come true for Chino and Rize, Cocoa lists the bad fortune she ran into, including having money thrown at her by Syaro. (Cocoa received the throwing of money by Syaro.)

    ココア：
    「私(わたし)あんこが落下(らっか)してきたりスカートめくれちゃってたりシャロちゃんにお金(かね)投(な)げられたり色々(いろいろ)あって大変(たいへん)だったよー」

    投(な)げる‘s negative stem is 投(な)げ. Append られる for 投(な)げられる.

  • Receiving a treating as with 〜れる

    Grammar Explanation

    ご注文はうさぎですか？ » Volume 1 » Page 5

    Cocoa wonders why it is that she didn’t like coffee before, but she’s crazy about the coffee Chino makes. Chino says Cocoa’s just addicted to caffeine, to which Cocoa thinks, “I was treated as an addict.” (Cocoa received treatment by Chino.)

    ココア：
    「中毒(ちゅうどく)扱(あつか)いされた…」

  • Receptive verbs with 〜れる

    A receptive verb is used when the subject of the sentence has the action of the verb performed on them by another party.

    A verb is made receptive by taking the negative stem of ごだん verbs, or appending ら for いちだん verbs, and appending the verb れる. くる becomes こられる, and する becomes される.

    The subject (recipient of the action) is marked by the particle が. The performer of the action is marked by the particle に.

    (more…)

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